[[creating-gpg-keys-cli]]
= Creating GPG Keys Using the Command Line

. Use the following shell command:
+
----
gpg2 --full-gen-key
----
+
This command generates a key pair that consists of a public and a private key.
Other people use your public key to authenticate and/or decrypt your communications.
Distribute your *public* key as widely as possible, especially to people who you know will want to receive authentic communications from you, such as a mailing list.
The Fedora Documentation Project, for example, asks participants to include a GPG public key in their link:DocsProject/SelfIntroduction[self-introduction].

. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to assign a default value if desired.
The first prompt asks you to select what kind of key you prefer:
+
----
Please select what kind of key you want:
   (1) RSA and RSA (default)
   (2) DSA and Elgamal
   (3) DSA (sign only)
   (4) RSA (sign only)
Your selection?
----
+
In almost all cases, the default is the correct choice.
A RSA/RSA key allows you not only to sign communications, but also to encrypt files.

. Choose the key size:
+
----
RSA keys may be between 1024 and 4096 bits long.  Larger is  almost  always recommended here, however your use case and  security models may dictate otherwise.
What keysize do you want? (2048)
----
+
Again, the default is sufficient for almost all users, and represents an _extremely_ strong level of security.

. Choose when the key will expire.
It is a good idea to choose an expiration date instead of using the default, which is _none._
If, for example, the email address on the key becomes invalid, an expiration date will remind others to stop using that public key.
+
----
Please specify how long the key should be valid.
         0 = key does not expire
      <n>  = key expires in n days
      <n>w = key expires in n weeks
      <n>m = key expires in n months
      <n>y = key expires in n years
Key is valid for? (0) 
----
+
Entering a value of `1y`, for example, makes the key valid for one year.
(You may change this expiration date after the key is generated, if you change your mind.)
Before the `gpg2` program asks for signature information, the following prompt appears:
+
----
Is this correct (y/n)?
----
+
. Enter `y` to finish the process.

. Enter your name and email address.
_Remember this process is about authenticating you as a real individual._
For this reason, include your _real name_.
Do not use aliases or handles, since these disguise or obfuscate your identity.

. Enter your real email address for your GPG key.
If you choose a bogus email address, it will be more difficult for others to find your public key.
This makes authenticating your communications difficult.
If you are using this GPG key for https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Introduce_yourself_to_the_Docs_Project[self-introduction] on a mailing list, for example, enter the email address you use on that list.

. Use the comment field to include aliases or other information.
(Some people use different keys for different purposes and identify each key with a comment, such as "Office" or "Open Source Projects.")

. Enter the letter `O` at the confirmation prompt to continue if all entries are correct, or use the other options to fix any problems.

. Enter a passphrase for your secret key.
The `gpg2` program asks you to enter your passphrase twice to ensure you made no typing errors.

Finally, `gpg2` generates random data to make your key as unique as possible.
Move your mouse, type random keys, or perform other tasks on the system during this step to speed up the process.
Once this step is finished, your keys are complete and ready to use:

----
pub  1024D/1B2AFA1C 2005-03-31 John Q. Doe (Fedora Docs Project) <jqdoe@example.com>
Key fingerprint = 117C FE83 22EA B843 3E86  6486 4320 545E 1B2A FA1C
sub  1024g/CEA4B22E 2005-03-31 [expires: 2006-03-31] 
----

The key fingerprint is a shorthand signature for your key.
It allows you to confirm to others that they have received your actual public key without any tampering.
You do not need to write this fingerprint down.
To display the fingerprint at any time, use this command, substituting your email address:

----
gpg2 --fingerprint jqdoe@example.com
----

Your _GPG key ID_ consists of 8 hex digits identifying the public key.
In the example above, the GPG key ID is `1B2AFA1C`.
In most cases, if you are asked for the key ID, you should prepend "0x" to the key ID, as in `0x1B2AFA1C`.

See now <<backup-gpg-keys-cli>>.
Make sure to back up your revocation keys for all active keys as this allows to revoke keys in the event of lost passphrase of key compromise.
